World War II And Propaganda - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1095 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/07/02 Category Politics Essay Level High school Tags: Propaganda Essay World War 2 Essay Did you like this example? Inroduction In 1939, global tension was high. When war broke out between Germany and Poland, many countries from around the world began to take sides, forming two opposing powers with dozens of nations behind each. Leading the Allied Powers was US President Franklin D. Roosevelt. Heading the conflicting Axis Powers was Dictator Adolf Hitler of Nazi Germany (World 1,721). With the coming of war, each nation had its own adverse effects from the war in both foreign and domestic affairs. Governments and other social organizations utilized the art of propaganda to communicate with its citizens and navigate them through the politics of these effects. Propaganda used in the second world war was different than it had been before. It addressed many different issues, and in some ways advertised or promotes war rather than discouraging it. This new wave of propaganda changed the face of the future of political art (Propaganda 1). Of the propaganda issued by the United States, common themes include raising money for war efforts, especially through the purchase of war bonds and stamps, and the discouragement or outlaw of discussing military plans, as well as racism observable from a contemporary standpoint. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "World War II And Propaganda" essay for you Create order Fundraising and Reservation From an economic perspective, the US was primarily focused on saving and raising money to support American troops stationed in foreign lands. Of the poster propaganda centered around militant funding, some encouraged citizens to save gasoline by carpooling in car-sharing clubs (Propaganda 1), but most were concerned with encouraging American citizens to purchase war bonds and stamps in order to raise money for war efforts. Citizens were encouraged through these posters to sympathize with the soldiers and want to provide for and help them. The money earned from these campaigns were used to pay for transportation, injury care, food supply, and weapon use. Propaganda marketed these purchases as investments in the security of the futures and safeties of American families and soldiers (Boyd 1). This emphasis on security is another common theme throughout economic propaganda. Private producers like individual artists created political art pieces as well. Artist Norman Rockwell illustrated a series of four paintings that represented different domestic freedoms that Americans take for granted (Rockwells 1). Pieces like this may have also contributed to an increase in citizen participation in war efforts with the use of pathos, pushing those citizens to purchase war bonds and/or stamps or donate to the armies. While Americans were encouraged to sympathize, they were also encouraged to hold a merciless stance toward enemies. Other propaganda posters depict images like Axis Power officials with captions like Stamp ?em out! Another series of posters with all the same caption, Keep ?em firing, acts as persuasion to fuel the growing need for war funds so that Americans could continue to progress in the war offensively (Boyd 1). Outlaw of the Discussion of Militant Strategies US propaganda was also focused on the theme of the prohibition of sharing secret information regarding military plans. Soldiers or other citizens who knew of future plans were strictly discouraged by poster propaganda from discussing them with anyone. Americans were afraid that German, Japanese, or Italian spies lived among them, so any discussion of future plans was a very sensitive topic. If spies were to obtain delicate information, it could spoil the moves soldiers made and cause harm to them, and therefore also harm the USs aggressive progress in the war. The outlaw was intended to prevent Axis spies from eavesdropping into conversations or even posing as American allies to extract said sensitive information; the idea was that if no one but those directly involved were to know of such plans then the enemies would be caught off guard once invaded by American troops and therefore easier to overwhelm. One poster depicted a caricature of Hitler looking surprised with the caption Sil ence means surprise. Another shows a male soldier talking with a woman on a park bench, with a man illustrated to represent Hitler next to them, his ear enlarged to show he is eavesdropping. It is captioned Loose talk can cost lives (Boyd 1). Racism and Stereotypes Through the propaganda messages as discussed previously in this report, an underlying, racist principle is observable against those of Japanese descent. In American propaganda, Japanese are often portrayed as monsters or rat-like creatures. Such portrayals certainly played a part in the publics perspective toward the Japanese and Japanese Americans living in the US. In American history, civil liberties have occasionally been suspended to accommodate special situations; one of these special situations is World War II. During the second world war, racial profiling of Americans of Japanese descent occurred (Civil 292). In December 1941, the Japanese military bombed a US military base in Hawaii called Pearl Harbor (Pearl 1). After the bombing, federal officials were put under Executive Order 9066 by President Franklin D Roosevelt to usher Japanese Americans into internment camps. Japanese Americans from all along the Southwest and West Coasts of the United States were given days notice to leave their lives behind and report to the camps (Japanese 1). These camps have before been compared to Jewish concentration camps established in Europe by Nazis; however, many disagree with these comparisons and argue that the Japanese internment camps were not used to torture or abuse citizens, but rather to gather them into one area as an attempt to prevent the carrying out of whatever speculations other Americans made about Japanese Americans (Schumacher-Matos and Grisham 1). It was a popular fear of other Americans that Japanese Americans were secretly spies for homeland Japan and posed as a threat to national security. This action was instigated by the Pearl Harbor bombing but was exaggerated and magnified by propaganda. In many propaganda posters, like the ones provided by John Boyd in his Houston Chronicle article, images of monstrous figures are illustrated to represent Japanese persons. They often depict those persons to have exaggeratedly small eyes, ash-colored skin, long fang-like teeth, and glasses. One example even displays a drawing of a rat with a Japanese army helmet on (Boyd 1). Influence on the Present Day World War II propaganda opened new doors and shed light on new topics that had never been explored before. Post war, propaganda began to evolve into a new form of attack that did not use weapons, but human emotion and social mob mentality to assail enemies. It convinced citizens to support the war by glorifying its effects and the USs role in the war. Today, new forms of propaganda like political cartoons, politically-geared traditional style art, and their popular circulation within social media follow the implication of pro-war messages that launched during World War II.

The Outsiders By. Hinton - 1459 Words

In the book The Outsiders by S.E. Hinton, there are negative effects that impact everyone in society. The three main negative effects in the story were violence, peer pressure, and stereotyping. These three effects still occur today and affect people all around the world. The novel helps us understand the consequences of these effects and how we can overcome these problems in society. In this book violence plays a large role in this story. The greasers live their life in fear of the Socs. The story focuses on both the mental and physical violence from abusive parents to bullying. [â€Å"Greasers can t walk alone too much or they ll get jumped, or someone will come by and scream Greaser! at them, which doesn t make you feel too hot if you know what I mean.†pg.2] Society looks down on Greasers making them seen unruly or uncivilized. Socs strive for power. They hurt Greasers to remind themselves that they have more power over them. They make it seem â€Å"acceptable† for Socs to jump greasers because of their social status. The Socs could jump Greasers and society would think it was okay but if it was the other way around, the greasers would be arrested. The agony and the pain the Socs put on the Greasers from getting jumped and When Johnny was jumped by Bob’s gang, he was beaten up badly. [pg32] [â€Å"I killed him,† he said slowly. â€Å"I killed that boy.†pg.56] Johnny kills Bob to save Ponyboy. Johnny s past impulses him to protect Ponyboy. Johnny has gone through so muchShow MoreRelatedThe Outsiders By. Hinton1455 Words   |  6 Pages The Outsiders by S.E. Hinton Greasers were a social group in the 1950s, they have special clothes. Those teenagers are from the lower class and they lived in different places like U.S. their name came because of their greasy hair. Most of them are dangerous, criminals, and hoodlums. They are not educated and they don’t have life opportunities (â€Å"Back ground information†). The Outsiders by S.E. Hinton is talking about two groups, the â€Å"greasers† and the â€Å"socs†, theRead MoreThe Outsiders : The Outsiders By S. E. Hinton749 Words   |  3 Pages The Outsiders Essay The Outsiders by S.E. Hinton is about two groups of kids the greasers and the Socs. The Socs are the rich kids who drive expensive cars and wear expensive clothes and the greasers are considered the bums. They don’t have money and they don’t get whatever they want, they also have to work extra hard to get to where they want to be. If you are considered a greaser you are a muffin and the Socs are the cupcakes. Everybody would prefer a cupcake over a muffin, butRead MoreThe Outsiders by S.E. Hinton599 Words   |  2 Pagesto attach themselves to another social group, usually to a group of friends. Unfortunately, without these close ties to their families, some teens will attach themselves to a group of delinquents and adopt a gang lifestyle. In her novel The Outsiders, S.E. Hinton illustrates how Ponyboy, Johnny, and Dally’s dysfunctional family situations led them to attach themselves to the Greasers while demonstrating how these choices resulted in tragic conse quences. After the death of his parents, Darry ineptlyRead MoreThe Outsiders By S.e Hinton1938 Words   |  8 PagesHave you ever been judged by people who don’t really know who you are? Maybe it was because of the way you looked, or your social class. This is a problem that occurs all too often, and it happens everywhere. S.E Hinton, author of â€Å"The Outsiders,† noticed this happening in her own neighbourhood, so she made this a huge part of the theme of her book. She wanted people to stop judging others before they really knew who they were, and their life circumstances. In this book there are two main socialRead MoreThe Outsiders By S. E Hinton1305 Words   |  6 Pages‘The Outsiders’; a novel written by S.E Hinton in 1967, and is based in the 1960s in America. This essay will talk specifically about the title ‘The Outsiders’. Questions such as who the outsiders are, why the novel was titled this way, and what an outsider is will be discussed. A ll these topics are individually important, as they all shape the story and the plotline. The topic (or argument) of if they are born as outsiders or not will also be discussed. This essay will focus specifically on howRead MoreThe Outsiders By S. E. Hinton1718 Words   |  7 PagesMajor Work Review Guide Title: The Outsiders Author: S.E. Hinton Published: 1967 by Viking Press Significant characters and brief statement of function in the work: Name: Function: 1. Pony boy Curtis- The narrator of the story. Ponyboy’s love for literature and academics make him different from the rest of the gang. He’s also the youngest. Because his parents died in a car accident, Ponyboy lives with his brothers. His oldest brother accuses him of lacking common sense but, ponyboy is a reliableRead MoreThe Outsiders By Susan Eloise Hinton1445 Words   |  6 PagesReading a variety of novels throughout my educational career has been an essential portion of my life furthermore; I believe the Irvine Unified School District should teach the novel â€Å"The Outsiders† by Susan Eloise Hinton. This novel has many themes and morals that fit perfectly with it, but the main one is to show how our society segregates people based on their looks and appearance. I believe this novel is suitable for young adults between the ages of twelve and sixteen because this novel givesRead MoreThe Outsiders By S. E. Hinton1109 Words   |  5 Pagesdevastated? A b ig and beyond compare pain. What if it was something that could change the way someone would look at life? Imagine the very worst happening. The people someone would love gone, in this case, parents. In the novel entitled The Outsiders, by S. E. Hinton, she walks the reader through the experiences of a fourteen year old boy and his six lifelong friends who call themselves the â€Å"Greasers.† Along the way Ponyboy Curtis, the youngest greaser, finds himself in a touchy situation that may placeRead MoreThe Outsiders By S. E Hinton Essay2486 Words   |  10 PagesYves Belance 28 Nov 2016 V. Minchener Enc11 Research Paper The novel and film, The Outsiders by S. E Hinton, can be composed based on symbols, imagery, characters, and chronology. The Outsiders is a novel and a movie. The novel was written by Susan Eloise Hinton, in 1965, where it took place in Tulsa, Oklahoma. After the book was published the movie, The Outsiders was produced in 1983 directed by Francis Ford Coppola. The author has a great sense of imagery. Ponyboy the narrator of the story usedRead MoreThe Outsiders by S.E. Hinton Essay1041 Words   |  5 PagesThe Outsiders by S.E. Hinton There are four stories in The Outsiders section; The Poor Relations Story, Lou, the Prophet, The Stolen Bacillus and Hop frog. In all these stories we feel sympathy for someone, because they are seen as an outsider of their own society. However we feel a greater degree of sympathy for some of these characters that we do for others, whether this is because of their situation, beliefs, or actions varies in each story. The

Essay on national service program Free Essays

The National Service Program proposal by the US congress once heard will immediately pose a lot of questions. But many of those questions have been answered by the different corps that has been providing utmost help to those who need. Through the National Service Program, public schools would be able to provide the education every child needs, the quality of life improved by providing easy and fast access to public health, providing food to the hungry, shelter to the homeless, environment conservation and protection, care giving to the elders and being there when a community experiences such devastating calamites and disasters like hurricanes, flooding and such terror activities. We will write a custom essay sample on Essay on national service program or any similar topic only for you Order Now Most of the time, people would be willing to extend their service, but sometimes they just don’t know where or how (McCain, 2001). With the proposal, almost every single American would be able to show their patriotism to the country. A lot of opportunities to serve others are present, and still many are not doing a thing. By providing means on where one could serve, that way, he or she would be able to determine what service could be provided according to his or her knowledge, skills and abilities. Serving the country is not just about joining the army and being involved in wars over Iraq, Vietnam and Afghanistan. Fortunately, a lot of different corps is available depending on the mode of service they provide. The corp can be a group that can provide measures in making a community safe from any kind of crime and terrorists activities. The program also extends its help to countries in overseas by providing means in solving challenges for the development of a nation. Talents and skills are shared in this program for those who want to improve and further develop their capacities(Marshall, 2007). The service programs could be the key for students entering the college in choosing the career path they would be taking. A study has shown that students in high school that were engaged in a community service are more likely to finish college compared to those who have not joined such activity. Also, improvement in their reading skills, mathematics and science is evident(Roscow, 2007). Having a national service program instead of a voluntary or selective program will result into a lot of inevitable issues regarding freedom. Making or compelling the citizens to work for two years will greatly affect their lives. A family man working hard to raise his family would not have two years to serve others. He would of course be putting his family first before others. Or course the government cannot satisfy or at least provide the necessities that a family needs if their provider is gone and doing national service, would they? Two years of public service is too much, considering the fact that it would be full time. Another issue that would be raised is how the government would compel millions of citizens to do national service. Would there be laws that would prosecute a person if he or she did not perform the necessary tasks he or she is into? If so, would it not violate the rights and freedom of the general public? A lot of issues are needed to be considered before passing the proposal especially those ones that concerns the rights and freedom of every American citizen. The government alone cannot rely on the workforce is has. It needs more than it could have in providing services. As every American individual obtain the ever ending rights, entitlements and freedom, obligation to the nation lacks. And some don’t even know what really is their responsibility and obligation to their country. John Kennedy once told the country about not asking what a nation or a country do for them but it’s about doing something for the country (Healy, 2007). With the National Service Program, billion of hours of service could be provided in making a country far well-protected, stronger and a better place. It not only teaches patriotism but responsibility and compassion as a whole. Not everyone could be called a hero like those that have saved lives or the war veterans in World War II, but by providing service to your fellow countrymen, you can be a their hero. Healy, A. L. Y. a. M. (2007). Citizenship means giving something back. THe Denver Post. Marshall, W. (2007). Ideas for national service that would benefit America. The Sacramento Bee. McCain, J. (2001). Putting the â€Å"National† in National Service [Electronic Version]. Washington Monthly. Retrieved July 1, 2007 from http://www.washingtonmonthly.com/features/2001/0110.mccain.html. Roscow, D. (2007). Academic Performance Enhanced By High School Civic Engagement. CIRCLE. How to cite Essay on national service program, Essay examples

Advertising for Oppurtunities and Objectives- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theAdvertising for Oppurtunities and Setting Objectives. Answer: Advertising Brief Client Name: Amotts Biscuits Ltd. Product/ Service name- Tim Tam biscuits new mixed coffee and chocolate flavour Background Amotts Biscuits Ltd is the largest producer of biscuits in Australia(Amotts, 2017). It is also one of the largest snack food suppliers in the country and abroad(Amotts, 2017). Tim Tam is a brand of Amotts; it is a cream chocolate biscuit popular with children. The brand came into existence in 1958 after being inspired by Britains Penguin Biscuits(Amotts, 2017). Advertising plan needs to be created for a new mixed flavour of Tim Tam which would contain a mix of chocolate and coffee flavour. This new variety would be targeted young students and professional. It would be packaged in small pack sizes so that it can be consumed as a snack. Purpose of the brief- This brief aims at creating an advertisement plan for Tim Tam, a brand of biscuit of Amotts Biscuits Ltd. The brief is meant to create an advertisement plan for a new mix flavour of Tim Tam. The plan will outline advertisement strategies, media and budget for the entire plan. Marketing strategies The new flavour variation of Tim Tam will have the following marketing strategies- Marketing mix for Tim Tams new flavour of coffee and chocolate Product: A mixed coffee and chocolate flavoured biscuit having chocolate cream with a slight flavour of coffee. Place: The product will be sold through retail stores Price: Penetration pricing strategy will be used so that product can be sold to a mass market. $3 for pack of 200g of biscuits will be used Promotion: The product will be promoted through television advertising, print advertising, out of home adverting and online channels. Target Audience Description- Target audience constitutes of the consumer segments to which the marketers want to sell the product. The primary target audience of Tim Tams new mixed flavour are young adult students and secondary target audience is young professionals(Selecting the target audiance, Class notes). Following is a profile of target audience Target Market Profile for Tim Tam Primary target audience Secondary target audience Demographic: Young adult students Geographic: All over Australia Psychographic: For students who like to munch a snack in between studies Behavioural- Product to be used as a snack item Demographic: young professional Geographic: All over Australia Psychographic: Younger generation who prefers snacks in between hectic lifestyle Behavioural- Product to be used as a snack item Source Made by author (2017) adapted from(Selecting the target audiance, Class notes) Consumer Insights Consumer insight helps in interpreting the behaviour of consumers towards a particular product or brand. Needs, wants and aspirations of different consumers are different. Therefore, it is important to find the needs of a particular target customer. Additionally, it is important to identify how the brands consumer base is interpreting the product(Gathering an idea) For Tim Tams new mixed flavour, consumer insight shows that biscuits are one of the most popular snack items for people of all age categories(Amotts, 2017). Especially youth who are students or young professions tend to consumer biscuits frequently as a snack in between studies, work or playtime(Amotts, 2017). Therefore, Tim Tam has come up with this new flavour which combines tastes of youth and children and tries to cater to both these markets through one product. Through this product Tim Tam is also trying to capture the need of the customer to munch a snack in between meals. Target audience weightage- The product is more inclined towards young students hence a priority weightage of 60/40 is to be given to students while selecting media. This weightage is based on the assumption that students tend to eat more biscuits that professionals. Adverting Objectives- Following are the advertising objectives for Tim Tams new mixed chocolate and coffee flavour biscuit(The effects of advertising, class notes) To increase sales of the Tim tam brand to double within three years. To increase the market share of Tim Tam brand by 5 percentage points within the next three years To increase brand awareness through intensive promotional activities so that maximum people in Australia know about the product within the next one year. To create a good brand image and goodwill of the product Creating target market focused advertisements so that firm is able to increase sales volume within the next two years Creating advertisements which are focused on attracting customer to try the product once Advertising should be able to improve brand awareness within one year Advertisement should be able to remind the customer about the product(Appraising Oppurtunities and setting objectives, Class notes) Through achievement of these objectives sales and brand recall of Tim Tam can be enhanced. Advertising Strategy Advertising strategy is the strategy of formulating an Ad campaign to target a specific audience so that they can be persuaded to purchase the product(The effects of advertising, class notes) Direction: Direction of advertising strategy for Tim Tams new mixed coffee and chocolate flavoured biscuit should be to create awareness of the new brand variety. Awareness can be created by giving frequent ads which show product features and product attractiveness. It should also aim to persuade the target audience to try the product(The effects of advertising, class notes). This can be done by making the advertisement catchy and attractive. Additionally, the advertising strategy should aim at reminding the audience about the new biscuit variety. More frequency of Ads will serve this purpose.(Research: Gathering information for advertisment, class notes) Campaign scope- Scope of the advertising strategy would include covering maximum customers in the target audience like children and young adults Suggested Media- Advertisements can be given on various media channels like television, radio, print and bill boards and hoardings(Sample media selection, Class notes). Time and duration: Ads should be given in youth programmes for at least one minute i8n at least two programmes per day(Sample media selection, Class notes). Brand Dimension Brand value- Brand value is the price that the target audience is ready to pay for a brand. As Tim Tim tams standard brad logo and colour will add to the brand value. Tam is a known and popular brand people would be ready to pay $3 to $5 for this brand(The effects of advertising, class notes). Brand personality it the human aspects of a brand. Tim tams new flavours brand personality would be one of excitement and sincerity(The effects of advertising, class notes) Brand tone of voice- Brand tone of voice would be friendly, warm and playful. Unique Selling Proposition (USP) Unique selling proposition is an advertising terminology where a marketer or an advertiser makes a unique proposition to the customer in order to convince the customer to choose their product among the various competing products and brands. USP may also include unique benefits or experience which brand may give to the customer(Appraising Oppurtunities and setting objectives, Class notes) Tim Tams new nixed flavour biscuit with coffee and chocolate is the USP of the new brand variation. The flavour is unique which will appeal to the target market. It can be consumed as party time as well as a tea time snack. The unique flavour gives a competitive advantage to the new biscuits range of Tim Tam as there are very few such innovations in the marker. The new flavour should be able to catch the attention of target market and curiosity amount potential customers due which they will be encouraged to buy the product. Therefore, through this new and innovative mixed flavour, Tim Tam will be able to give a unique selling proposition to the consumers. Competitors Following are the main competitors of Tim Tam biscuits and their relative competitive advantage. Competitors of Tim Tam Competitors Competitive advantage Krafts foods Ltd Strong brand name International presence Marketing and financial power Goodman Fielder Ltd Multi product brand Strong international presence Griffins Food Ltd Eye-catching packaging Good marketing methods Multiple products and flavours Source: Made by author (2017) adapted from(Amotts, 2017) Why the customers will respond positively- Customers will respond positively to this products Ad because of the uniqueness of the product offered. The product is being offered in a new flavour. Also, brand has a pull power as it one of the most popular brand of Australia(Amotts, 2017). Why the customer may not respond There is lot of competition in the biscuits and snack food marker. There are many international firms in the market. The customer may ignore or filter out information about this product. Media considerations Media should be selected as per the target audience usage and needs. That is, that media should be selected which would be viewed and seen by the target audience(Media research, Class notes) As the target audience for Tim Tams new biscuit flavour are young adults, the best media would be television. Showing frequent ads on youth channels like entertainment channels, music channels and sports channels will increase the brand awareness among the target audience. Additionally, youth magazines would be a good channel to pitch the product. Moreover, hoardings near colleges and eating joints would also attract customers(Media: a nessage delivery system, Class notes). Other media which can be used for the advertising campaign are digital and online media. As young students and professional visit social media sites and web portals, online advertising will be effective to generate awareness among them(Media: a nessage delivery system, Class notes). Production of the advertisement should be given to an advertising agency. Major brand consideration for this product is that it is a new variation in the brand hence focus should be on awareness advertising(Media: a nessage delivery system, Class notes). Another major consideration is that the product variation should augment the brand equity and not dilute it. Therefore, media selection for advertisement should be such that they enhance brand awareness, recall and purchase behaviour. Mandatory inclusions- Legal and ethical consideration Marketing and advertising of products in Australia is regulated through legal framework(Government of Australia, 2017). Therefore, Tim Tams new biscuit flavour product also needs to adhere to these legal regulations. Department of information, Innovation and Science of the Government of Australia lays down norms which prohibit advertisers from showing content that is misleading or deceptive(Government of Australia, 2017). Advertisement should show only the true nature of a product and its usage. Therefore, Tim Tams advertisement needs to focus on the actual ingredients, taste and nutritive value of the biscuit. Additionally, Australian Competition and Consumer Commission(ACCC) is the regulatory body of Government of Australia which regulates all competitive, business and trade practices(ACCC, 2017). This body regulates all marketing and advertising activities and prohibits misleading advertising(ACCC, 2017). Therefore, Tim Tams advertisement need to adhere by the codes and norms laid down by ACCC such as non-misleading advertisements, correct information about product content and other features. In addition to legal compliances there are some ethical issues as well which Tim Tams new flavour advertising should adhere to. As the advertisements would be targeted at children, the advertisements should be focused on learning and knowledge addition of children. They should not show any content which can affect the psychology of children like violence or criminal activity. Additionally, it should spread awareness of product and should not have content which misleads the youth. Moreover, it is ethically important to talk about only the true contents of the product and not use misleading information Therefore, by using the above legal and ethical framework good advertising campaign can be created for Tim Tam. Budget Advertising budget is a very essential part of the advertising expense because advertising is a revenue draining activity at the onset which is later expected to generate more revenue. Therefore, proper funds need to be allocated to all aspects of the advertising campaign. First of all a certain part of sales revenue should be kept aside for meeting the advertising expenses(Advertising brief: reasons for content, Class notes). Following is the budget of advertising campaign of Tim Tams new mixed flavour. This budget has been calculated through the objectives based method where all those activities and their expenses are worked out which are needed to meet the advertising objectives Budget of Advertisements for Tim Tam Expenses Approximate projected cost in December 2017 Campaign Development $2500 Production $7500 Media selection Television 100 Ads per week on children and sports televise channels Radio One Radio spot per day on a youth based show or celebrity interview Print Magazines Full page Ad on two youth magazine per month Total media expense $10,000 $10,000 $5000 $25,000 Monitoring and Research $5000 Agency fees $10,000 Total $50,000 Table 1: Source: Made by student (2017) This is approximate monthly expenditure for advertising of Tim Tams new flavour variety. This amount can be kept aside from sales revenue to meet the advertising budget demand Timing Proposal due dates- 18th Nov 2017 Proposal approval date: 25th Nov 2017 Final creative approval- 28th Nov 2017 Campaign launch- 1st Dec 2017 Campaign finish- 31st Dec 2017 Bibliography ACCC. (2017). Advertising and Promotion. Retrieved November 13, 2017, from https://www.accc.gov.au/business/advertising-promoting-your-business Advertising brief: reasons for content. (Class notes). Amotts. (2017). About us. Retrieved November 13, 2017, from www.arnotts.com.au/ Amotts. (2017). Tim Tam. Retrieved November 13, 2017, from www.arnotts.com.au/products/tim-tam/ Appraising Oppurtunities and setting objectives. (Class notes). Gathering an idea. (n.d.). Class notes. Government of Australia. (2017). Legal obligations of marketing. Retrieved November 13, 2017, from https://www.business.gov.au/info/plan-and-start/develop-your-business-plans/marketing/legal-obligations-of-marketing Media research. (Class notes). Media: a nessage delivery system. (Class notes). class notes. Research: Gathering information for advertisment. (class notes). Sample media selection. (Class notes). Selecting the target audiance. (Class notes). The effects of advertising. (class notes). class notes.

Boarding School free essay sample

I bet you are wondering, â€Å"What did this girl do to deserve being shipped off to boarding school?† or â€Å"Why did she leave in the middle of her high school career?† Well, you should know that I did not get shipped off to boarding school. Much to my parents’ dismay I chose to move halfway across the country to Indiana. Back at my old high school (Chaparral), I was a good student involved in a few extracurricular activities, but I felt as though I achieved nothing. It had just become a daily routine. Then, the summer after my freshman year I decided to go to Culver Summer Camp for six weeks. When I came back to Chaparral for my sophomore year, I realized that I could not strive in the public school environment as well as if I went to Culver, a smaller private boarding school. Transferring to Culver Girls Academy gave me great possibilities that I would not have had if I had stayed at Chaparral. We will write a custom essay sample on Boarding School or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Culver had the opportunity to offer me a close knit atmosphere. The fact that my teachers at Culver are willing to be on email or be reachable if I ever have a question has helped me learn a lot more. I am a visual and auditory learner; therefore, having one-on-one study or help sessions have helped me understand the main concepts of the classes that I take. For example, my American Government class consisted of only nine people. Even though I am not that interested in government and politics; the class fostered an encouraging learning environment that increased my interest in government. Culver offered me the chance to learn about the independence and responsibility that it takes to live on your own. My first experience living in a dorm was fantastic. I loved the atmosphere of my friends living down the hall from me. However, I had to learn how to manage my time wisely and do my homework instead of goofing off with the girls in my dorm. I learned that even though you may not be stu dying, you have to be responsible when it come to wasting people’s time. All of lessons and chances that Culver has given me have only made me more prepared for college. I am more prepared for college. The reason you received two transcripts is because I had a chance to broaden my horizons by stepping away my comfort zone and I took a risk. Culver has made me more outgoing, studious, independent, and responsible.

Parvanas Journey Essay Example

Parvanas Journey Essay Example Parvanas Journey Paper Parvanas Journey Paper Parvana’s Journey Book Report Don’t you just hate school uniforms? Well, imagine living in a country where all women had to follow a very strict dress code. The system consisted of covering your face and body so that you were not seen; this covering was called a burqa. The Taliban were a militia that took control of the small, landlocked country called Afghanistan. They enforced very severe conducts upon women and girls, including not allowing them to work, attend school, or even go outside. The paperback ‘Parvana’s Journey’ by Deborah Ellis deals with these issues. Most of this book is set in the afghan wilderness, where there is no food in sight, except for the occasional animal or stream that may trickle by. Mine fields also littler no man’s land. A land mine is a bomb planted in the ground, which explodes if stepped on. The main characters in this tale consist of Parvana, Asif, Leila and Hassan. Parvana is a young girl, at the age of thirteen years. She never gives up hope and is courageous. She steals eggs from a man’s chickens for food, even though she knows that it is wrong. She grabs a baby boy and names him Hassan, even though he is not her responsibility and she could barely take care of herself. Asif is a young boy about ten years old. Toward Parvana, he is stubborn and annoying. He does not listen to Parvana, and criticizes many things she does. For example, while changing baby Hassan’s diaper; he remarks that she is doing it wrong because he was being fussy. Then, silently and patiently, he takes Hassan and does it the right way. This is what makes him stubborn, because he thinks he knows everything, even though sometimes he does not. Parvana also stumbles upon a young girl named Leila, who is eight years old. Leila is very smart and helpful. She sticks with Parvana and provides her with assistance. The conflict in this story is man versus nature because they’re living and wandering throughout the Afghanistan wilderness. They need shelter, food and water. Discovering items to suit their needs is not easy at times. Parvana’s mother, her sister Nooria and Maryam, and her brother Ali were supposed to go to Mazar-e-Sharif before the Taliban took control of the city. Parvana and her father go on a journey to find them. Even after her father dies, she does not hope. She encounters days, sometimes even a week or two without food or water. She takes a baby boy under her wing because his mother had perished in the bombings of the village they inhabited. Soon after she meets Hassan, the baby boy, Parvana reaches a cave where she meets Asif. They had a typical sibling relationship, even though they were not genetically related. The three children struggled to find food and take care of each other. Then they reach Green Valley were they meet Leila. In comparison to the wilderness, Green Valley is a paradise. There was food everyday and a canyon close by. However, all good things end. Green Valley was bombed and the four children returned to wander unknown territory. Hassan, along with the rest, suffer from dehydration and malnutrition. Then they come to a Red Crescent station an internal refugee camp. Red Crescent is the Muslim equivalent to Red Cross. There, Hassan stays in a nursery until he is once again well. When planes drop parcels of food over the camp, people broke out into fights. Leila spotted many more peppered in the mine fields. She’d say that the land mines ‘liked her’ because she’d never gotten hurt before. Despite the past, this time she got hurt. Leila died because of the explosion of one of the bombs. An outraged woman came to Parvana’s side. Amazingly, Parvana knew this woman. It was her mother, whom lived on the other side of the camp. This is where the story ends. I enjoyed reading Parvana’s Journey’. I found it entertaining, a book I did not wish to lie down. Where would she get food? Will she continue her journey without her father? Will she abandon Hassan, Asif and Leila because they are not her responsibility? Finally, will she ever find her family? These questions popped up in my head while reading this novel. Respectfully, my uncertainties were acknowledged throughout the novel. From previous readings, I know that the Taliban were a very horrible group. Other novels were much more graphic. For instance, ‘The Kite Runner’ by Khaled Hosseini. ‘Parvana’s Journey’ deals with the social conditions of Afghanistan. In my opinion, this book is for mature children. Themes in this novel include death and hope. Younger children may not understand this novel the way it needs to be understood. They may also interpret the events in this book in a juvenile fashion. Therefore, it would be a waste of curriculum time. I could not empathize with Parvana at many times during her tale. Much of what she experienced in Afghanistan would not be experienced in a first-world country like Canada. From this novel, I learned to never give up hope even in the darkest hours of your life because there is always a shed of light at the end of the tunnel. In conclusion, ‘Parvana’s Journey’ is a very insightful and interesting novel.

Racial Discrimination and Health Problems Essay

Racial Discrimination and Health Problems - Essay Example How much of this stands true for racism specific stress has also been the subject focus of many studies. Researchers found an association between perceived racism and ambulatory blood pressure in African American college students. Also in the workplace, stressful racism places African Americans in a high probability group for the development of higher blood pressures. This clearly shows that racism can hasten the onset of hypertension even in younger age group and possible conclusion that can be drawn is that in an aging population the superimposed ill effects of stress induced by racism may be even greater. Similarly, women with higher stress scores who were subjected to high levels of internalized racism were at a higher risk of developing metabolic disorders such as obesity and diabetes due to altered hormone secretion. Studies have also attempted to assess objectively, mental and psychological implications of racism specific stress. Further research necessary to reach a conclusion linking the association of stress per se resulting from experiencing racial discrimination per se leading to changes in the health status of people who are getting older is carried out as seen below. Various measured variables are compared with a control group in the same age group without any exposure to racial prejudice taking into account confounding factors such as lifestyle habits, the presence of other risk factors such as smoking, environmental factors and preexisting or propensity for other age-related diseases because of heredity.

Business Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Business Law - Essay Example When you buy a pair of shoes, you're paying money to own the product, plain and simple. But under UCITA, what you'd be paying for when you purchase software wouldn't be the program itself, merely a license to use it. That's a subtle difference, but a significant one. Differences in selling a product and licensing the product depend on the product itself. McAllister cites additional examples of the license screen when purchasing software online: â€Å"You're told to read them, and then click ‘I Agree,’ before you're allowed to complete the installation.† While not all consumers read this â€Å"fine print† page, McAllister advises everyone should â€Å"because the way the software industry would have it, those screens of text are legally binding contracts.† Many of the provisions in the Uniform Computer Information Transactions Act were first proposed as a modification to Article 2 of the Uniform Commercial Code. Why did the drafters decide to propose it as a separate and distinct uniform act? Because of the growing online commerce actions, the â€Å"powers that be† in the U.S. government felt there needed to be a more clear-cut law for such commercial acts. The wording of Article 2, Congress felt, was not sufficient to cover the needs of the buyer and seller. Furthermore, amending Article 2 (originally intended to be Article 2B) was viewed as ineffective for such growing electronic businesses. Therefore, the onset of the UCITA gave both sides of the transaction a clear picture of what is legally expected.

Intellectual Property in Canadian Manufacturing Industry Essay

Intellectual Property in Canadian Manufacturing Industry - Essay Example The empirical literature is also limited to some extent. This is the reason that our understanding of IP is below satisfactory level. The patents of IP institution are considered as protectors of intellectual property as Canada has a history of intellectual property institution. In the year 1867, Canada was created as federation and its very first patent act starts from the year 1869. Right after its beginning the Patent Act used to revise several times in the last century. Recently there were major amendments took place. Canada has also abandoned its first to invent patent system for first to file system on 1st October 1989. The requirements related to disclose patents to public are modified. The duration is also modified among other amendments of patent act provisions. There is a very little information available regarding impact of Canadian patent system on Canada’s economy because there are changes made to the legislation in the year 1989 and how does it affected the econo my of Canada; this information is yet to be revealed or explored. In the international trade and investment policy the IPR issue has captured the attention. The attention can be clearly identified where the inclusion of negotiations on TRIPs within multilateral trade policy were taking place. The implicit policy assumes the differences in IPRs worldwide and these differences affect the investment flows and international trade. Intellectual property is available in different forms like patents, trademarks, copyright etc and it is considered as a firm’s property. The exploitation of this IP can be enhanced via global marketing strategies. IP can be traded by... This essay tries to establish, how the regime of intellectual property protection can stimulate the creative ideas as well as knowledge in Canada, along with ensuring the access to the innovations in an economical or affordable way. IP rights or IPRs are considered as important source in providing help to creators and innovators so that the innovators could get a pay back in exchange of their creativities. IP provides market exclusivity to innovators so that they can get benefits for their innovative ideas. IP is also involved in providing protection to intellectual property as protection is an important aspect because Canadians get the benefits of the knowledge and creativity. The optimal level of IP protection can make the contributions to the knowledge base economy of Canada. Most of the companies in Canada have a high opinion of the effectiveness and efficiency of IP protection, 66.9% of manufacturing firms in Canada use at least one of many IPRs. Organization use IP protection feel efficient work environment as compared with firms who have no idea about IP protection system, also the firm using IP protection innovated the ideas more frequently than the firms who did not and the latter use these instruments more than non-innovators. The proportion of firms that use IPRs is increasing with firm size. Firms operating in the low-tech other sector are at lowest level of IPR users. There must be an encouragement for small and medium sized firms for the usage of IP protection;

Theory of Competitive Advantage Value Chain Analysis

Theory of Competitive Advantage Value Chain Analysis The initial theory regarding relative advantages was related to comparative advantages of regions or nations. It included land, location, labor, natural resources and local population size. But it is not true always as rise of some the most advanced industrial nations have proved that the above factors have less influence in their course of development. For example, Japan had disadvantage regarding availability of raw materials, abundant space and even access to other lands. But still the Japanese companies have prospered and rose to be among the best in the world. Again Japan also has disadvantage in terms of population size available. But that could not stop Japan from being a leader in business. Also economic hardship can really fuel growth in a nation. It has been seen both in case if both Japan and Germany. Both these nations were under severe economic trouble after World War II, but still they grew to be industry major countries in the world. The reason for such behavior of nations or organizations in particular can be understood from The theory of competitive advantage which says that there are other critical factors that determine the industry leadership. As per Michael Porter, the renowned Harvard business school professor sustainable industrial growth is hardly dependent on the above inherited factors. But it depends on groups of interconnected firms, suppliers, related industries, and institutions that arise in certain locations and termed them as clusters. These clusters are geographic concentrations of interconnected companies, specialized suppliers, service providers, and associated institutions in a particular field. They grow on locations where enough resources and competences amass and reach a critical threshold, giving it a key position in a given economic branch of activity, with a decisive sustainable competitive advantage over others places, or even a world supremacy in that field. Porter says clusters can influence competition in three ways: They can increase the productivity of the companies in the cluster. They can drive innovation in the field. They can stimulate new businesses in the field. The competitive advantage of any industry or organization is determined by five forces of Porter. These five forces help the managers to focus on competitive forces that prevail in the industry and the possible threats to their organizations. Diagrammatic view of Porters five forces These are: Existing competitive rivalry among organizations in industry: The more that companies compete against one another for customers, ex- by lowering the prices of their products or by increasing advertising the lower is the level of industry profits. So this is a threat to the companies. Hence in order to sustain the companies may come up with new strategies and innovations in their technologies as well as business processes. Thus competition fuels growth in the industry as well as leads to innovations. Threat of new market entrants: The easier it is for companies to enter the industry, because for ex- barriers to entry, such as brand loyalty are low, more the likely it is for industry prices and hence the industry profits to be low. In the wake of such a situation the companies might go for further innovations or even differentiations in their products or businesses. Thus it helps in the evolution process of the companies. Bargaining power of buyers: It depends on the size of the customers. The bargaining powers of the customers come if they are large in size. So they can bargain to drive down the price of that output. As a result the industry producers might encounter low profits. So the bargaining power of buyers also decides the competitive advantage of the industry. Power of suppliers: The suppliers also have important role in deciding the competitive advantage of firms. If there are only few large suppliers of an important input, then suppliers can drive up the price of that input and expensive inputs result in lower profits for profits for companies in an industry. Threat of substitute products (including technology change): Often the output of one industry is a substitute for the output of another industry. Ex- plastic may be substitute for steel in some industry. When this type of substitutes exists in the industry companies cannot demand very high prices for it or customers will switch to the substitute and this constraint keeps their profits low. Again the above all factors lead the managers to take decisions in four business level strategies to gain competitive advantage. These are: Low cost strategy: It is the strategy where the company focuses all its energies to lower its costs in all the departments. As a result it can sell its products in lower costs than its rivals. Here though the companies are selling the products at low prices but since the production costs are low the company still makes profits. Ex- BIC competes Gillette with this strategy in razor blade industry. Focused low cost strategy: In such a strategy managers focus to serve only a segment of overall market and tries to be lowest cost organization in that segment. Differentiation strategy: It is the strategy where organizations products can be distinguished from the products of other organizations on factors like product design, quality, service, or after sales service. Here the process of differentiation may be unique and expensive. Coca cola, PepsiCo, PG practice such strategies. Focused differentiation strategy: it is the strategy that tries to serve only one segment of the overall market and aims to be the most differentiated organization serving that segment. For ex, BMW focuses on this strategy. The theory of competitive advantage can be also easily extended to the position of various nations. Here four factors have taken into consideration to nalayze the competitive position of the nations. Germany and Japan are most apt examples of such a competitive advantage. These are discussed as follows: Four factors for competitive advantage: The strategy, structure and rivalry of firms: As there is high competition among the firms, this competitive environment leads the firms to work harder for increase in productivity and innovation. The Japanese companies are cooperative at certain levels but they are also fiercely competitive. Thus it is the strategy and structure and rivalry of the firms that gives rise to excellence to the firms in terms of efficiency. Demand conditions: If the firms face challenging and demanding customers then they constantly face pressure to improve their competiveness by innovative products, high quality etc. Related supporting industry: A company prospers when supporting companies are located in the same area. Presence of supporting companies in the vicinity gives the firm added advantage in terms of gaining technological support and expertise. Factor conditions: Specialized factors of production are skilled labor, capital and infrastructure. Non-key factors or general use factors, such as unskilled labor and raw materials, can be obtained by any company and, hence, do not generate sustained competitive advantage. However, specialized factors involve heavy, sustained investment. They are more difficult to duplicate. This creates a competitive advantage, because if other firms cannot easily duplicate these factors, they are valuable. VALUE CHAIN Value Chain is a model that helps to analyze specific activities through which firms can create value and competitive advantage. A value chain is a chain of activities for a firm operating in a specific industry. The business unit is the appropriate level for construction of a value chain, not the divisional level or corporate level. Products pass through all activities of the chain in order, and at each activity the product gains some value. The chain of activities gives the products more added value than the sum of the independent activitys value. It is important not to mix the concept of the value chain with the costs occurring throughout the activities. A diamond cutter, as a profession, can be used to illustrate the difference of cost and the value chain. The cutting activity may have a low cost, but the activity adds much of the value to the end product, since a rough diamond is significantly less valuable than a cut diamond.Value Chain framework model Value Chain Model of Porter THE ACTIVITIES OF THE VALUE CHAIN Primary activities (line functions) Inbound Logistics. Includes receiving, storing, inventory control, transportation planning. Operations. Includes machining, packaging, assembly, equipment maintenance, testing and all other value-creating activities that transform the inputs into the final product. Outbound Logistics. The activities required to get the finished product at the customers: warehousing, order fulfillment, transportation, distribution management. Marketing and Sales. The activities associated with getting buyers to purchase the product, including: channel selection, advertising, promotion, selling, pricing, retail management, etc. Service. The activities that maintain and enhance the products value, including: customer support, repair services, installation, training, spare parts management, upgrading, etc. Support activities (Staff functions, overhead) Procurement. Procurement of raw materials, servicing, spare parts, buildings, machines, etc. Technology Development. Includes technology development to support the value chain activities. Such as: Research and Development, Process automation, design, redesign. Human Resource Management. The activities associated with recruiting, development (education), retention and compensation of employees and managers. Firm Infrastructure. Includes general management, planning management, legal, finance, accounting, public affairs, quality management, etc. A COST ADVANTAGE BASED ON THE VALUE CHAIN A firm may create a cost advantage: by reducing the cost of individual value chain activities, or by reconfiguring the value chain. Note that a cost advantage can be created by reducing the costs of the primary activities, but also by reducing the costs of the support activities. Recently there have been many companies that achieved a cost advantage by the clever use of Information Technology. Once the value chain has been defined, a cost analysis can be performed by assigning costs to the value chain activities. Porter identified 10 cost drivers related to value chain activities: Economies of scale. Learning. Capacity utilization. Linkages among activities. Interrelationships among business units. Degree of vertical integration. Timing of market entry. Firms policy of cost or differentiation. Geographic location. Institutional factors (regulation, union activity, taxes, etc.). A firm develops a cost advantage by controlling these drivers better than its competitors do. A cost advantage also can be pursued by Reconfiguring the value chain. Reconfiguration means structural changes such as: a new production process, new distribution channels, or a different sales approach. DIFFERENTIATION AND VALUE CHAIN A differentiation advantage can arise from any part of the value chain. For example, procurement of inputs that are unique and not widely available to competitors can create differentiation, as can distribution channels that offer high service levels. Differentiation stems from uniqueness. A differentiation advantage may be achieved either by changing individual value chain activities to increase uniqueness in the final product or by reconfiguring the value chain. Porter identified several drivers of uniqueness: Policies and decisions Linkages among activities Timing Location Interrelationships Learning Integration Scale (e.g. better service as a result of large scale) Institutional factors Many of these also serve as cost drivers. Differentiation often results in greater costs, resulting in tradeoffs between cost and differentiation. There are several ways in which a firm can reconfigure its value chain in order to create uniqueness. It can forward integrate in order to perform functions that once were performed by its customers. It can backward integrate in order to have more control over its inputs. It may implement new process technologies or utilize new distribution channels. Ultimately, the firm may need to be creative in order to develop a novel value chain configuration that increases product differentiation. TECHNOLOGY AND VALUE CHAIN Because technology is employed to some degree in every value creating activity, changes in technology can impact competitive advantage by incrementally changing the activities themselves or by making possible new configurations of the value chain. Various technologies are used in both primary value activities and support activities: Inbound Logistics Technologies Transportation Material handling Material storage Communications Testing Information systems Operations Technologies Process Materials Machine tools Material handling Packaging Maintenance Testing Building design operation Information systems Outbound Logistics Technologies Transportation Material handling Packaging Communications Information systems Marketing Sales Technologies Media Audio/video Communications Information systems Service Technologies Testing Communications Information systems Note that many of these technologies are used across the value chain. For example, information systems are seen in every activity. Similar technologies are used in support activities. In addition, technologies related to training, computer-aided design, and software development frequently are employed in support activities. To the extent that these technologies affect cost drivers or uniqueness, they can lead to a competitive advantage. LINKAGES BETWEEN VALUE CHAIN ACTIVITIES Value chain activities are not isolated from one another. Rather, one value chain activity often affects the cost or performance of other ones. Linkages may exist between primary activities and also between primary and support activities. Consider the case in which the design of a product is changed in order to reduce manufacturing costs. Suppose that inadvertently the new product design results in increased service costs; the cost reduction could be less than anticipated and even worse, there could be a net cost increase. Sometimes however, the firm may be able to reduce cost in one activity and consequently enjoy a cost reduction in another, such as when a design change simultaneously reduces manufacturing costs and improves reliability so that the service costs also are reduced. Through such improvements the firm has the potential to develop a competitive advantage. ANALYZING BUSINESS UNIT INTERRELATIONSHIPS Interrelationships among business units form the basis for a horizontal strategy. Such business unit interrelationships can be identified by a value chain analysis. Tangible interrelationships offer direct opportunities to create a synergy among business units. For example, if multiple business units require a particular raw material, the procurement of that material can be shared among the business units. This sharing of the procurement activity can result in cost reduction. Such interrelationships may exist simultaneously in multiple value chain activities. Unfortunately, attempts to achieve synergy from the interrelationships among different business units often fall short of expectations due to unanticipated drawbacks. The cost of coordination, the cost of reduced flexibility, and organizational practicalities should be analyzed when devising a strategy to reap the benefits of the synergies. OUTSOURCING VALUE CHAIN ACTIVITIES A firm may specialize in one or more value chain activities and outsource the rest. The extent to which a firm performs upstream and downstream activities is described by its degree of vertical integration. A thorough value chain analysis can illuminate the business system to facilitate outsourcing decisions. To decide which activities to outsource, managers must understand the firms strengths and weaknesses in each activity, both in terms of cost and ability to differentiate. Managers may consider the following when selecting activities to outsource: Whether the activity can be performed cheaper or better by suppliers. Whether the activity is one of the firms core competencies from which stems a cost advantage or product differentiation? The risk of performing the activity in-house. If the activity relies on fast-changing technology or the product is sold in a rapidly-changing market, it may be advantageous to outsource the activity in order to maintain flexibility and avoid the risk of investing in specialized assets. Whether the outsourcing of an activity can result in business process improvements such as reduced lead time, higher flexibility, reduced inventory, etc. Thus we can see that every aspect of an organization can be rightly explained in light of value chain analysis to judge the competitive position of the organization. Normally, the Value Chain of a company is connected to other Value Chains and is part of a larger Value Chain. Hence, developing a competitive advantage depends on how efficiently we can analyze and manage the entire Value Chain.

Essay examples --

The word â€Å"challenging behavior† can evoke feelings of frustration, anger, hostility or sense of helplessness in any parent, teacher or caregiver of a young child with behavioral challenges. Education.com (2006 - 2012) defines this term: as behavior that may impede with a child’s ability to learn, develop or play in a manner that is socially acceptable. They further define challenging behavior as behavior that could be potentially harmful to the child or others. This type of behavior in a young child, predisposes that child to social problems and academic failure (Klass, Guskin, and Thomas, 1995; Ritchie and Pohl, 1995). Marion (2011) defines challenging behavior as a stimulus that a child reacts poorly to, that in turn challenges the child’s parents or teachers to guide them in a positive manner. Current research indicates that children who have significant challenging behavior will have problems in school. They have issues with social skills, emotiona l control and language development. These insufficiencies contribute to the lack of skills to succeed in basic academic tasks such as reading (Coi, 1996). Traits that are often attributed to children who exhibit these traits are hyperactivity, inattentiveness and disruptive. Teachers are twice as likely to overlook them, ask them fewer questions and be low in positive responsiveness (Webster-Stratton & Herbert, 1994; Shonkoff and Phillips, 2000). Children with behavioral challenges face far greater difficulties with social and emotional development. Other children will tease and ridicule them, or reject them entirely. These experiences bruise a child’s self-esteem and confidence, they are left feeling depressed and isolated. Once a child accepts rejection, they fight or ... ...s, to difficulties in conflict resolution to academic success. Parents play a pivotal role in teaching their young children how to appropriately behave or react to a certain stimuli. Positive adult-child interactions such as respect, providing an environment that is not rushed, using calm tones and accepting differences go a long way in changing or guiding a child’s behavior (Marion, 2011). For some children how to react to a certain situation in a positive manner is innate. However, other children need to be taught the skills to productively and successfully navigate conflicts that might arise. This can be achieved through a Direct Model Plan, a PBIS or a Behavior Matrix (Carter & Pool, 2012) The goal of challenging behaviors is to prevent those behaviors from rising, by providing children with the skills to navigate successfully through difficult situations.